Prediction of the 10-Year Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Patients in Primary Health Care Centers in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.

Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), primarily coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke, stand as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Our objective was to predict the 10-year risk of CVD in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in eight randomly selected primary healthcare centers using cluster sampling based on geographical location in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province, specifically the Al-Ahsa region. The study aimed to assess the risk of developing CVD in the next 10 years among patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor. Patients visiting the healthcare centers for checkups filled out the Framingham Cardiovascular Disease (10-year risk) score questionnaire. Results Of the 665 patients enrolled, 54.4% were female. The average age of the patients was 54.2 (SD 8.48) years. The overall average Framingham Risk Score (FRS) percentage was 19.2% (SD 15.4%). In terms of 10-year CVD risk, 34.6% of the patients were at high risk, 31.6% were at moderate risk, and 33.8% were considered low-risk individuals. Factors associated with a higher risk of CVD included older age, male gender, lower educational attainment, smoking, normal BMI, stage 2 hypertension, and diagnoses of hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Conclusion Utilizing the FRS, it was determined that older men with lower educational levels had a higher 10-year risk of developing CVD. Furthermore, CVD risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and smoking were associated with individuals' CVD risk. Considering the ease of use and applicability of the FRS in daily clinical practice, as well as its potential to identify high-risk individuals, a more systematic implementation in general practice appears to be warranted.

A Review of the Different Intraoperative Findings of Revision Endoscopic Frontal Surgery.

A revision endoscopic sinus surgery (rESS) is considered when the primary surgery fails to improve the symptoms or causes problems. The rESS is still a difficult surgical procedure, despite the use of imaging-guided surgical navigation systems, because the anatomical landmarks are removed or scarred. To determine the causes and indications of rESS observed radiologically or endoscopically in patients with frontal rhinosinusitis. This retrospective clinical study was conducted between 2010 and 2019 in the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department of King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Saudi Arabia. Sixty cases were indicated for revision endoscopic surgery, and all had distorted or lost anatomical landmarks. Most landmark losses were caused by undissected uncinate processes and residual agger nasi with/without ethmoid disease. The rESS surgical procedure remains difficult, despite the use of imaging-guided surgical navigation systems, because most of the anatomical landmarks are removed or scarred. An undissected uncinate process, residual agger nasi with/without ethmoid disease, extensive mucosal disease with polyps obstructing the frontal recess, and lateralized middle turbinates are the most common conditions requiring rESS.

The effectiveness of microneedling technique using coconut and sesame oils on the severity of gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation: A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: In our research, we evaluated the effect of coconut and sesame oils using the microneedling technique on gingival inflammation and plaque accumulation among patients with gingivitis by creating microholes in the gingiva to facilitate the concentration and entrance of the oils through gingival tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with clinically diagnosed plaque-induced gingivitis were selected from Vision dental hospital, Riyadh, KSA, and assigned to one of three groups randomly; group A consisted of eight participants who were treated with dermapen and topical coconut oil, group B had eight participants who were treated with dermapen and topical sesame oil, and group C involved eight patients who received periodontal mechanical treatment only. Postintervention gingival status and plaque status for all participants were assessed using a modified average gingival index and a plaque index at Weeks 1, 2, and 4. RESULTS: Groups A and B experienced highly significant reductions in gingival indices, while group C showed reduced scores but was not significantly notable. On the contrary, the three studied groups exhibited no significant difference in the reduction of plaque indices when compared altogether. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated an effective novel technique that revealed a noticeable improvement in gingival status and a reduction in the average gingival index and plaque index.